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Odorous House Ants

Odorous House Ant
1/8" inch, brown color, workers all same size

Odorous house ants get their name from the fact that workers give off a rotten coconut odor when crushed. They are often confused with the Argentine ant except their one node is flattened, not pointed, and it is not visible from above or the side because it is hidden by the abdomen. They are small, brown ants about 1/8-inch (3 mm) in length. Workers of the odorous house ant are all one size.

The odorous house ant is closely related to the ghost ant but is easily distinguished by size and coloration Ghost ants are considerably smaller and have a dark head and thorax and pale, almost translucent, abdomen and legs. The antennae of both species have 12 segments and no club.

Odorous house ants are found throughout the United States and from Canada to Mexico. It is a major structural pest in California, particularly in central and Northern California. Its presence in Southern California is less frequent in areas populated by Argentine ants. It is also found up the gulf coast into Oregon and Washington. In the mid-south region of the U.S. in northern Mississippi, west Tennessee, and Arkansas, it is the primary pest ant invading buildings. It will also occasionally be found infesting structures throughout the lower Midwest.

Odorous house ants rival Argentine and crazy ants in their persistence in invading buildings. Its basic biology and habits are similar to those of the Argentine ant.

As seen with many successful tramp pest ants, this species has multiple queen colonies numbering tens of thousands of workers. Huge extended colonies, or "super-colonies of foraging trails along which workers, food, and brood (larvae and pupae) are exchanged. The workers from separate colonies are antagonistic to each other so separate colonies will not integrate and split apart as is seen with the Argentine ant. Workers and queens may live for several years.

Colonies also frequently occur under the loose bark of trees, in cavities in trees, and in bird and animal nests, including honey bee hives. The colonies locate themselves in the top of the hives, apparently for the warmth the hive produces. The ants feed little on the honey even though they are ravenous sweet eaters.

Inside they will commonly nest in wall voids, particularly around hot water heaters and hot water pipes. Dusting these areas with Borid Dust will provide good control.  Outside perimeter treatments with residual sprays such as Termidor, Demon WP or Talstar are especially helpful. Odorous house ants love sweet baits containing sugar and or honey such as the Drax Combo Syringe or Gourmet Liquid Ant Bait.

Outdoor baiting such as KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station with Gourmet Ant Bait is the most effective.

Recommended Bait Products:	Recommended Spray Products:
KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station Gourmet Ant Bait Gel Gourmet Liquid Ant Bait Optigard Ant Gel Bait Maxforce Professional Ant Stations Dual Choice Ant Stations	Phantom Termidor - Outdoor Only Demon WP Talstar Tri Die Timbor Borid Dust

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Argentine Ants

Argentine Ant
1/8 inch (2.6mm) light to dark brown

The Argentine ant is a small, light to dark brown ant about 1/8 inch (2.6mm) in length.   They have been reported to crawl onto people and bite them while they are asleep.   Reports from the early 1900's describe babies being attacked in their cribs. 

The Argentine ant is most often confused with the odorous house ant, but the node on the abdomen of the Argentine ant has a sharp, pointed peak, while that of the odorous house ant is flat in shape and is hidden.  It may also resemble the Crazy ant and the Small Honey ant, however, the Argentine ant does not have a small circle of hairs on the tip of its abdomen.  Argentine ants have multiple queen colonies and the queens will often be found along argentine ant trails.  Occasionally, winged queens will be seen in a colony.  The Argentine ant is important because it is ideally suited to urban environments.  Where it occurs, it can be one of the most difficult pest ants to control.

A single colony of Argentine ants can contain thousands of workers and many queens.   The queens in an Argentine ant colony live about 1 year.  A typical colony consists of about 90% workers and 10% Queens.  Control of Argentine ants typically requires a thorough outdoor baiting treatment.

Outdoor baiting such as KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station with Gourmet Ant Bait is the most effective.   This combination is currently under evaluation by the USDA, several Universities as well as many Vineyards in the California NAPA Valley and provides the most promising control of argentine ants.

Indoors, treatment of wall voids with Borid Dust usually provide the best results.  Indoor baiting with Gourmet Ant Bait Gel or Whitmire Dual Choice is also effective.

Don'ts - Do not spray any repellent spray pesticides around Argentine Ants.  Spraying will not kill the queens but will increase the egg laying and will only compound the problem.  Only use liquid baits on Argentine Ants outdoors.

Recommended Bait Products:	Recommended Spray Products:
KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station Gourmet Ant Bait Gel Gourmet Liquid Ant Bait Optigard Ant Gel Bait	Phantom Termidor - Outdoor Only Timbor Borid Dust

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Ghost Ants

Ghost Ant
1/16-inch (2 mm), dark head and thorax and a pale abdomen and legs

The ghost ant is a very tiny ant less than 1/16-inch (2 mm) long that has a dark head and thorax and a pale colored, almost translucent, abdomen and legs. For this reason, it may also be called the black-headed ant. The ghost ant is related to the odorous house ant   and resembles it except for the size and color. The odorous house ant is larger and is colored completely brown. Like the odorous house ant, ghost ant workers emit a rotten coconut odor when crushed.

A colony of ghost ants may be moderate to large in size, containing thousands of workers and numerous reproductive queens. Colonies are typically located in sites that are too small to house an entire colony so the colony is usually divided into sub-colonies.

The ghost ant's primary habitat is outdoors, and like most successful tramp ant species, it is highly opportunistic in its nesting habits. It will nest in soil, in debris in crotches of trees, dead tree limbs, under and inside logs, in and under firewood, and under stones.

Indoors, colonies will be located inside walls, in boxes, between sheets, towels, and folded clothing, in waterbeds, and virtually any other dark protected site. One colony was discovered in a Miami home when the iron was plugged in and ghost ants poured out of the holes in the bottom of the iron! This ant challenges the Pharaoh ant for versatility in selecting nest sites.

The workers are very fond of the honeydew secreted by aphids, mealy bugs, and scales and will protect them from predators.  Ghost ants readily attack and kill insects and will forage on dead insects in window sills and around outdoor light fixtures. Indoors, ghost ants show a preference for sweets. They are commonly found inside packages of candy, sugar, and similar foods in kitchen pantries.

Ghost ants seem to have a high need for moisture.  Ghost ants readily live inside wall voids, and homeowners often report seeing workers trailing out of electric outlet plates, particularly in kitchens and bathrooms. Like Pharaoh ants, these ants use electric wires to travel from room to room. By removing electric outlet plates and inspecting with a flashlight, foraging ants can sometimes be seen in these areas. These boxes can be baited with baits such as Gourmet Ant Bait Gel.

Successful control of ghost ants depends on the ability to locate foraging ants and nesting sites. Ghost ant colonies living in the soil or under items, such as stones or logs, should be treated by drenching each individual colony with a residual insecticide such as Demon WP using a hand held sprayer or backpack sprayer.

Ghost Ant colonies living inside wall voids can be treated by drilling a small hole into the wall and injecting a small amount of an aerosol or dust insecticide such as  Borid Dust.

If the ghost ant colony cannot be located, outdoor liquid ant bait stations must be used.  Sweet baits such as Gourmet Liquid Ant Bait  seem to be preferred over other liquid baits by ghost ants..

Some experts have found that ghost ants respond better to granular ant baits such as Eclipse Professional Insect Bait if the granulars are ground into finer, smaller particles.

Outdoor baiting such as KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station with Gourmet Ant Bait is the most effective.

Don'ts - Do not spray any repellent spray pesticides around Ghost Ants.  Spraying will not kill the queens but will increase the egg laying and will only compound the problem.  Only use liquid baits or non-repellent insecticides such as Termidor on Ghost Ants outdoors.

Recommended Bait Products:	Recommended Spray Products:
KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station Gourmet Ant Bait Gel Gourmet Liquid Ant Bait Optigard Ant Gel Bait	Phantom Termidor - Outdoor Only Tri Die Timbor Borid Dust

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White Footed Ants

White Footed Ant
1/8inch (3 mm)

White-footed ant workers are about 1/8inch (3 mm) in length. The body resembles that of the crazy ants.  The legs and antennal scape (first long segment) of this species, however, are much shorter. The key identifying character is the pale yellow coloring at the end the legs. This species also resembles the odorous house ant, except for the white-footed ant's darker color and light colored  legs.

This ant is a pest in south Florida in Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach Counties in south Florida. It also has been found in Naples, Fla., and Sarasota, Fla. It is a pest on Oahu in Hawaii, and established colonies have been found in San Francisco, Calif.  It is now an established pest of structures in south Florida, and it may very well be the most difficult structure-infesting ant to control where it occurs. Many pest control experts have literally "thrown up their hands" in surrender when attempting to control this species.  The white-footed ant appears to be more of a pest of homes than of commercial buildings, but given time this species should become more widespread in its range and infest all types of structures.

Huge colonies containing several million adults are formed and winged females emerge annually in large numbers from late May to mid June. Colonies that have multiple queens and also contain "intercastes" that have the characters of both queens and workers and which can produce eggs and assist in colony reproduction. The colonies can be huge and eventually contain up to one million individuals. Almost half of the colony consists of workers; the other half is made up of "intercastes" (wingless males and females). Satellite colonies are formed and connect together by foraging trails, creating a large extended colony or "super-colony." A single extended colony of this ant has been observed to affect numerous adjoining homes, thus confounding control efforts directed at single dwellings.

White-footed ants are particularly fond of sweets and, like many ants, will tend and protect aphids, mealy bugs, and scales that produce "honeydew." A unique observation is that no oral exchange of food seems to occur among adults of this species. Nutrient transfer occurs via specialized trophic eggs that are produced by all females ( queens, intercastes, and workers). These trophic eggs serve as the food source for the intercasts that do not forage. For this reason, baits prove to be ineffective because only foraging workers may be killed, not the other half of the colony - the queens and intercastes that do not forage.

Outside, trails of white-footed ants will usually be quite visible on walkways, foundations, and the sides of buildings. Once a trail of ants is found, workers carrying bits of food or whose abdomens appear swollen with food or water will usually be returning to the colony. The trail should be followed in the direction in which these workers are heading.

Successful control of White Footed ants depends on the ability to locate foraging ants and nesting sites. White Footed ant colonies living in the soil or under items, such as stones or logs, should be treated by drenching each individual colony with a quality residual insecticide such as Demon WP using a hand held sprayer or backpack sprayer.

White-Footed Ant colonies living inside wall voids can be treated by drilling a small hole into the wall and injecting a small amount of a dust insecticide such as  Borid Dust.  Be sure to use a good duster such as the White Crusader Hand Duster.

If the White Footed ant colony cannot be located, outdoor liquid ant bait stations must be used.  Sweet baits such as Gourmet Liquid Ant Bait  seem to be preferred by White Footed ants.

Some experts have found that White Footed ants respond better to granular ant baits such as Eclipse Professional Insect Bait if the granulars are ground into finer, smaller particles using a coffee bean grinder.

Outdoor baiting such as KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station with Gourmet Ant Bait is the most effective.

Don'ts - Do not spray any repellent spray pesticides around White Footed Ants.  Spraying will not kill the queens but will increase the egg laying and will only compound the problem.  We recommend to use liquid baits on White Footed Ants outdoors.
 

Recommended Bait Products:	Recommended Spray Products:
KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station Gourmet Ant Bait Gel Gourmet Liquid Ant Bait Optigard Ant Gel Bait	Phantom Termidor - Outdoor Only Tri Die Timbor Borid Dust

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Thief Ants

Thief Ant
1/16inch (1.3 to 1.8 mm)

Thief ants are tiny ants less than 1/16inch (1.3 to 1.8 mm) in length, probably the smallest ants found infesting structures. The workers are light brown or yellow in color. The antenna has 10 total segments and ends in a 2-segmented club. The first segment of the antenna is about half the length of the head. It has a sting at the tip of the abdomen, but the sting may not be exerted and visible.

The thief ant is most often confused with the Pharaoh ant which is the same general size and color. The primary difference between the two species is the thief ant has a 2-segmented antennal club while the Pharaoh has a 3-segmented antennal club.

Thief ants are found throughout the United States. The thief ant is likely not a single species but rather a group of closely related species. It has been estimated that dozens of species and subspecies could be involved in this group. This ant is nicknamed a "thief' because it commonly lives near the nests of other ants and "steals" their larvae and food to feed its own colony. They enter the other ants' nests by means of tiny passages that are too narrow for the larger ants. Thief ants may be considered beneficial because they kill and eat the immature forms of some pest ant species. In Florida, they are known to be predators of fire ant queens.

A thief ant colony is relatively small, containing workers of one size (monomorphic) and many queens. The queens are about 1/5-inch (5 mm) in length. In one study of this ant's biology, the queens were found to deposit 27 to 387 eggs which hatch within 16 to 28 days. Larvae may complete development in as little as 21 days, but this period may be greatly extended when the ants overwinter as larvae. The pre-pupal and pupal stage last from 15 to 38 days combined.

As stated earlier, thief ants will nest in or near the colonies of other ant species. The author has discovered several colonies of these ants while collecting carpenter ants from wood in trees or logs as well as wood in structures. Nests outdoors may be located in the soil under items such as rocks or logs and inside decaying wood found in stumps and logs. Inside structures, thief ants will nest in a variety of locations including wall voids, cabinet voids, and behind baseboards.

Workers forage in set trails which can be found along baseboards, inside cabinets and closets, and on walls. They can use electric wires to move from room to room and have been observed exiting from behind electric wall plates. Their trails are often in the same locations as those of Pharaoh ants. They can easily enter packaged foods due to their small size.

Thief ants often feed on the larvae and food of other ants. They are also predacious on the immature stages of many insects. They will also feed on other food found within structures, such as dead insects and grease. These ants have been observed feeding on the carcasses of dead rodents in buildings, and they are a concern in poultry houses where they will attack young chicks. They also feed on germinating seeds and the honeydew produced by  aphids, mealybugs, etc.

The first step when encountering tiny yellow ants in a structure is to identify whether the ant is a thief ant or a Pharaoh ant. The control procedures used for these two ants vary greatly. Once correct identification of the pest ant involved is made, an inspection can be conducted.

Inside buildings, trails of thief ants may be found along baseboards, on walls, in closets, inside cabinets (particularly ones which contain food products), around sinks, and along window sills. Inspections should be focused in rooms where the customer has seen ants. If ants are found, an attempt should be made to follow the trail back to the nest location.

Outside, inspections should be focused on finding possible ant trails on walls near windows and doors. In addition, foraging workers may be found trailing onto the building from tree and shrub branches which brush against the structure. Any item in contact with the soil, such as rocks, logs, and debris, could harbor an ant colony. The author has discovered thief ant trails by pulling the grass away from the side of patios and foundations.

Infestations of thief ants are sometimes difficult to eliminate due, in part, to the fact that the colonies and the workers are small, thus making colony location difficult. Thief ant colonies living in the soil or under items such as stones or logs should be treated by drenching each individual colony with a residual insecticide such as Demon WP using a hand held sprayer or backpack sprayer.

Thief ant colonies living in wall voids above or below cabinets can be treated by drilling a small hole into the void where the ants are living and injecting a small amount of dust insecticide such as Timbor or Borid Dust.

Outdoor baiting such as KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station with Gourmet Ant Bait is the most effective.

Recommended Bait Products:	Recommended Spray Products:
KM Ant Pro Ant Feeder Station Gourmet Liquid Ant Bait Gourmet Ant Bait Gel Optigard Ant Gel Bait Maxforce Professional Ant Stations	Phantom Termidor - Outdoor Only Demon WP Talstar Tri Die Timbor Borid Dust

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PCT's Guide To Structure Infesting Ants

 

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Indoor Combo Ant Kit
Kills - Most Small Household Ants (Including Pharaoh Ants, Thief Ants, Argentine Ants) Designed For Homes, Apartments, Condominiums, Offices, & Small Businesses. Number of Treatments - 5**

QTY	PKG	PRODUCT		AMT
12	SGL	Advance Dual Choice Stations	$	19.95
1	SYG	Gourmet Ant Gel	$	8.95
.		Complete Directions For Use		N/C
		Free Shipping ($7.95 Value)		N/C
		Total Itemized Cost	$	36.85
		Your Total Cost	$	29.95
		You Save	$	6.90

** Average number of spot or localized treatments based on structure less than 2000 sq. ft.. Larger structures may require 2 or more kits. Email us for specific quantities that you may need. Some products can be sold individually based on amount used in treatment. Please include type of pest that you are treating for and size of structure in Square feet or number of rooms.